Vacuum forming is a plastic thermoforming process that involves forming thermoplastic sheets into three-dimensional shapes through the application of heat and pressure. In general terms, vacuum forming refers to all sheet forming methods, including drape forming, which is one of the most popular. Basically during vacuum forming processes, plastic material is heated until it becomes pliable, and then it is placed over a mold and drawn in by a vacuum until it takes on the desired shape. Vacuum thermoforming is a great method for producing plastic parts that have sharp details and fit nicely to specific products.
During the vacuum forming process, a sheet of heated plastic material is placed over a male or female mold. The mold then moves towards the sheet and presses against it to create a seal. Next, the application of a vacuum draws out the air between the mold and the sheet so that the plastic conforms to the mold exactly. This is accomplished through venting holes in the mold that are joined to vacuum lines. The mold also has a water cooling system integrated into it that brings the temperature of the plastic to the set temperature needed. When the curing temperature is reached and the piece is formed, air blows back into the mold and separates the new part from the mold.

Advantages
• Economical for small to medium production runs
• Low tooling costs
• Quick startup
• High strength to weight ratio
• Efficient prototyping
• No need for painting; the color and texture are formed in